BIBLIOGRAPHY
Parent Loss through Death in Childhood and Adolescence

Compiled by
 Nan Knight-Birnbaum, LCSW, Chicago, IL
Benjamin Garber, MD
Barbara Hozinsky, MEd
Johanna Sonnenfeld, LCSW
Sharon Williams, LCSW
Barr-Harris Children's Grief Center
333 S. Michigan Ave., Suite 1300
Chicago, IL  60603

(312) 922-7474
www.barrharris.org

Overview of Childhood Bereavement

Altschul, S. (1988). Childhood Bereavement and Its Aftermath. Madison, CT: International Universities Press.

Berlinsky, E.B. and Biller, H.B. (1992), Parental Death and Psychological Development. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

 Cain, A., Kalter, N., et al. Parentally Bereaved Children: Factors Associated with Psychosocial Adjustment. (In preparation).

Grollman, Earl A., Ed. (1996). Bereaved Children and Teens: A Support Guide for Parents and Professionals. Boston: Beacon Press. A highly readable and informative book with chapters on sibling death, cultural and religious differences on death and children, death education, care of the dying child, and how bereavement can affect children's health, friendships and school performance.

 Osterweis, M. et al. (Eds.) (1984), Bereavement: Reactions, Consequences, and Care. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

 Samuels, A. (1988). Parental Death in Childhood. In Altschul, S., Ed., Childhood Bereavement and Its Aftermath, Madison, CT: International Universities Press.

 Silverman, P., Klass, D., Nickman, S. (1966), Continuing Bonds: A New Understanding of Grief. Washington, D.C.: Taylor and Francis.

 Silverman, P., Worden, J. (1993). Children’s Reactions to the Death of a Parent. In Bereavement: A Sourcebook of Research Intervention. Strobe, M., Stroebe, W., & Hanson, R.. (Eds.), England: Cambridge University Press.

Walsh, Fromma and McGoldrick, Monica. (2004) Living Beyond Loss: Death in the Family. Second Edition. NY: W.W. Norton. This is a well-written book whose greatest value is putting the subject of loss in a cultural context. The family context is also highlighted; however, that aspect does not offer anything that has not been said before by others.

Developmental Perspective on Children's Understanding of Death

Talmon, O., Kederm, P., & Har-Even, D., Orbach, I., (1987). Sequential Patterns of Five Subconcepts of Human and Animal Death in Children. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 26:578-582.

 Speece, M.W., & Brent, S.B. (1992), The Acquisition of a Mature Understanding of Three Components of a Concept of Death. Death Studies. 16:211-229.

Stambrook, M., & Parker, K.C. (1987), The Development of the Concept of Death in Childhood: A Review of the Literature. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly. 33:133-157.

Childhood Mourning and Adaptation: Preschoolers and School-Age Children

 Barnes, M.I. (1964), Reactions to the Death of a Mother. The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child. 15:9-52. NY: International Universities Press.

 Cain, A., Kalter, N., et al. Parentally Bereaved Children: Factors Associated with Psychosocial Adjustment. (In preparation).

Chetnik, M. (1970). The Impact of Object Loss on a Six-Year-Old. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry. 9:625-643.

 Essa, E., & Murray, C. (1994), Young Children’s Understanding and Experience with Death. Young Children. 49:No. 4, May 1994. pp. 74-81.

 Furman, E. (1990). Plant a Potato – Learn about Life (and Death). Young Children, November , pp. 15-20.

 _________ (1984), Children’s Patterns in Mourning the Death of a Loved One. In. H. Wass & C. Carr. (Eds), Childhood and Death. NY: Hemisphere Pub. Co. Pp. 185-203

 _________ (1974), A Child’s Parent Dies: Studies in Childhood Bereavement. New Haven, CT:Yale University Press. Pp. 11-26.

 Furman, R. (1995), Helping Children Cope with Stress and Deal with Feelings. Young Children, Jan. 1995, pp. 33-41.

 ________ 1964), Death and the Young Child: Some Preliminary Considerations. The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 19:377-396. NY: International Universities Press.

 Knight-Birnbaum, N., & C. Webber (1993). Childhood Mourning and the Learning Process, In K. Field, E. Kaufman, & C. Salzman (Eds.) Emotions and Learning Reconsidered: An International Perspective. NY: Gardner Press.

 McDonald, M. (1964), A Study of the Reactions of Nursery School Children to the Death of a Child’s Mother. The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child. 19:358-376. NY: International Universities Press.

 Palombo, J. (1981). Parent Loss and Childhood Bereavement: Some Theoretical Considerations. Clinical Social Work Journal, 9:3-33.

 Silverman, P.R. et al. (1992), Detachment Revisited: The Child’s Reconstruction of A Dead Parent. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 62:494-503.

Silverman, P., & Worden, J. (1993). Children’s Reactions to the Death of a Parent. In M. Stroebe, W. Stroebe & R. Hansson (Eds.), Bereavement, A Sourcebook of Research and Intervention. England: Cambridge University Press.

 Weller, E. (1993), Psychosocial Functioning of Children After the Death of a Parent. American. Journal of Psychiatry, March.

Bereavement in Adolescence

 Brockman, D.D. (1988). Preadolescence and Early Adolescence: A Reconstruction. In S. Altschul (Ed.), Childhood Bereavement and Its Aftermath, Madison, CT: International Universities Press.

 Garber, B. 1995), The Child and Adolescent Literature about the Death of a Parent. Adolescent Psychiatry. Marohn, R., (Ed.), Vol. XX. Hillsdale, NJ: Analytic Press.

________ (1985), Mourning in Adolescence: Normal and Pathological. In Feinstein, S., et al. (Eds.) Adolescent Psychiatry. Vol. 12, Hillsdale, NJ: Analytic Press.

________ (1983), Some Thoughts on Normal Adolescents Who Lost a Parent Through Death. Journal of Youth and Adolescence. Vol. 12, No. 3.

Abandonment

 Bowlby, John (1980). Loss:  Sadness and Depression. NY: Basic Books.  ISBN 0-465-004237-6 (cloth), 0-465-04238-4 (paper).

Osofsky, J.D.(1992). Affective development and early relationships: Clinical implications. In James W. Barron,  Morris N. Eagle, & David Leo Wolitzky (Eds.), Interface of Psychoanalysis and Psychology (pp. 233-244). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Samuels, S. C..(1995). Helping foster children to mourn past relationships. Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 50:308-326.

Military Families, Loss and Grief

Hockstader, Lee. Loneliness, anxiety grip students and staff while family members are assigned to Iraq. Washington Post, Jan. 12, 2004, p. A01.
 http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/A8425-2004Jan11?language=printer

Newsweek. Children of the fallen. March 21, 2005. http://www.newsweek.com/id/49171

Vlahos, Kelley Beaucar. War takes toll on military kids. http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,119887,00.html

The Interaction of Trauma and Bereavement; Considerations of Traumatic Loss

Cerel, J., Fristad, M.A., Weller, E.. & Weller, R.A. (1999). Suicide-bereaved Children and Adolescents; A Controlled Longitudinal Examination. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 38, 672-679.

 Eth, S., & Pynoos, R. (1985). Interaction of Trauma and Grief in Childhood. In S. Eth & R. Pynoos (Eds.), Post Trauma and Stress Disorder in Childhood. Washington, DC: Am. Psychiatric Press.

Fremont, Wanda P. Ten-year Research Update Review: Childhood Reactions to Terrorism. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, April, 2004. Discusses research on the Oklahoma City bombing and 9/11.

 Furman, E., (1986), On Trauma, When is the Death of a Parent Traumatic? Psychoanalytic Study of the Child. New Haven: International Universities Press, 41:191-208.

 Garbarino, J., Dubrow, N., Kostelny, K., & Pardo, C. (1992). Children in Danger. Chapter 6, School as a Refuge: The Importance of Early Intervention. Chapter 8, Developing Supportive Settings For Children at Risk. Chapter 9, Helping Teachers Help Children. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Requarth, Margo (2006). After A Parent's Suicide: Helping Children Heal. Sebastopol, CA: Healing Hearts Press.

Osofsky, Joy D. (Editor). (2004). Young Children and Trauma: Intervention and Treatment. NY: Guilford Press. This is a very useful book for anyone who works with severely traumatized young children, mostly pre-schoolers. Dr. Osofsky is a highly respected analytically-oriented researcher in this field. The book is a compilation from various contributors; however, the chapters by Dr. Osofsky are the strongest.

Pynoos, R., Nader, I. (1988), Psychological First Aid and Treatment Approach to Children Exposed to Community Violence: Research Implications. Journal of Traumatic Stress, Vol. 1, No. 4. 1988, pp. 445-473.

 Parsons, E.R. (1995), Post-Traumatic Stress and Coping in an Inner-City Child; Traumatogenic Witnessing of Interparental Violence and Murder. Psychoanalytic Study of the Child. Madison, CT. International Universities Press.

 Wallach, L., (1993), Helping Children Cope with Violence. Young

Preventive Interventions and Psychotherapy

 Chetnik, M. (1989), Focal Psychotherapy; A Bereavement Reaction. In M.Chethik, Techniques of Child Therapy, Psychodynamic Strategies. NY: Guilford.

 Coleman, S. (1991), Intergenerational Patterns of Traumatic Loss: Death and Despair in Addict Families. In Walsh, F. & McGoldrick, M., Living Beyond Loss. NY: W.W. Norton.

 Hummer, K. (1988), Johnny: Mobilizing a Child’s Capacity to Mourn by Means of Psychotherapy. In Altschul, S. (Ed.) Childhood Bereavement and Its Aftermath. Madison, CT: International Universities Press.

 Samuels, A. (1988). The Influence of the Recent Death of a Spouse on the Parenting Function of the Surviving Parent. In S. Altschul (Ed.), Childhood Bereavement and Its Aftermath. CT: International Universities Press.

 Knight-Birnbaum, N. (1988). Therapeutic Work with Bereaved Parents. In Altschul, S. (Ed.), Childhood Bereavement and Its Aftermath, Madison, CT: International Univ. Press.

Furman, E. (1974). Helping Bereaved Children. In When a Child’s Parent Dies: Studies in Childhood Bereavement. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

 Lohnes, K.L., Kalter, N. (1994), Preventive Intervention Groups for Parentally Bereaved Children. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 64 (4); pp. 594-603.

 McGoldrick, Monica (1991), Echoes from the Past: Helping Families Mourn their Loss. In Walsh, F. & McGoldrick, M., Living Beyond Loss. NY: W.W. Norton.

 McGoldrick, M., Almeida, R., Garcia-Presto, N., et al. (1991). Mourning in Different Cultures. In Walsh, F. & McGoldrick, M., Living Beyond Loss. NY: W.W. Norton.

 Raphael., B. (1983). Caring for the Bereaved Child. In Anatomy of Bereavement, pp. 352-401. NY: Basic Books.

 Shapiro, E., (1994), Helping Bereaved Families; Enhancing Strategies for Stable Reorganization. In Grief as a Family Process, NY: Guilford Press.

 Webber, C. (1988), Diagnostic Interventions with Children at Risk. In Altschul, S., (Ed.) Childhood Bereavement and Its Aftermath, Madison, CT: International Universities Press.

 Sang, Dorothy, (1994). The Worry Teacher Comes on Thursdays: Clinical Consultation in a Kindergarten Class. Young Children, January 1994, pp. 24-31.

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Copyright © Nan Knight-Birnbaum, Barbara Hozinsky, and Benjamin Garber. Permission is granted to reproduce this page for nonprofit educational use, if Nan Knight-Birnbaum, Barbara Hozinsky, and Benjamin Garber are cited.